Mathematical Terms | List of Mathematical Terms Meanings and Examples

Mathematical Terms: In today’s world, the use of mathematics vocabulary and mathematics terminology in one’s personal and professional life is very common. If one is working with native English speakers it is very important to be able to convey what one means in mathematical terms. We have designed a list of Mathematical Terms to help you understand the meaning behind each and ease communication.

Meaning: The article contains an extensive catalog of mathematical terms for the helpful information of learners.

List of Mathematical Terms

Names of Mathematical Terms

Mathematical Terms with Examples and Meaning

Section

Meaning: constitutes distinct parts into which something can be divided

Example: The housing complex is divided into three sections.

Straight Line

Meaning: constitutes a line that does not curve.

Example: The students were asked to stand in a straight line.

Perpendicular

Meaning: a line is said to be perpendicular to another line when they meet at a right angle.

Example: The bones were laid perpendicular to each other.

Center

Meaning: constitutes the point that is equally distant from every point on the circumference of a circle or sphere

Example: The friends met at the center of the park.

Whole

Meaning: constitutes the entirety of something

Example: Jane ate a whole cake on her birthday

A Half(½)

Meaning: constitutes something that is equally divided into two halves

Example: A football match is divided into two halves.

A Quarter (¼)

Meaning: constitutes something that is divided into four parts

Example: A basketball game is divided into four quarters.

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Cube

Meaning: it is a shape that constitutes a symmetrical three-dimensional shape, either solid or hollow, contained by six equal squares.

Example: The cheese was cut into cubes to be sold.

Cylinder

Meaning: constitutes a shape solid geometrical figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval cross-section.

Example: The engine is misfiring on one cylinder.

Pyramid

Meaning: constitutes a shape or arrangement in the form of a pyramid

Example: The gymnastics team formed a human pyramid for the function.

Cone

Meaning: constitutes a shape that tapers from a circular or roughly circular base to a point

Example: The little kids loved the chocolate cone ice cream.

Parallel Lines

Meaning: constitutes two lines in the same plane that are at equal distance from each other and never meet.

Example: The two lanes ran parallel to each other

Curve

Meaning: a line that is not straight and deviates gradually

Example: The car took a sharp curve and crashed into the curb.

Circle

Meaning: constitutes a shape that has no edges and the points on its boundary are equidistant from its center.

Example: The coach asked the players to circle the ground twice.

Arc

Meaning: an arc is a part of the circumference of a circle

Example: The rainbow made a beautiful arc in the sky.

Square

Meaning: constitutes a figure with four equal straight sides

Example: She cut out the cloth into a four-inch square.

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Rectangle

Meaning: constitutes a figure that has four straight sides.

Example: The new city was formed in a way it resembled a rectangle.

Diagonal

Meaning: constitutes a line that joins two sides of a shape with straight sides

Example: The car cut through the field diagonally.

Right Triangle

Meaning: constitutes a triangle that is at 90 degrees

Example: The hypotenuse is the longest side of a right triangle

Oval

Meaning: constitutes a shape that has rounded and a slightly elongated outline.

Example: The leaves are long and slightly oval.

Radius

Meaning: a straight line from the center to the circumference of a circle or sphere

Example: There are plenty of schools in a five-mile radius.

Mathematical Symbols Vocabulary

Addition

Meaning: the process by which two mathematical objects are added to one another.

Example: The addition of 3 and 2 equals 5.

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Subtraction

Meaning: an arithmetic process where two mathematical objects are present, and the smaller object is subtracted from, the bigger object.

Example: The subtraction of 4 and 3 equals 1.

Multiplication

Meaning: the arithmetic process by which two objects are combined, and a bigger value is obtained.

Example: The multiplication of 3 and 4 equals 12

Division

Meaning: the process by which two mathematical objects are divided.

Example: The division of 12 and 4 equals two 3.

Congruence

Meaning: constitutes the term by which two figures are determined to be the same.

Example: The two triangles are congruent to each other.

Infinity

Meaning: constitutes when a mathematical figure is assigned a value that is not finite.

Example: There are an infinite number of stars in the sky

Inequality (read as greater than or equal to)

Meaning: a term used when two mathematical objects are not equal to each other

Example: Y is greater than or equal to z

Material equivalence (read as Is equivalent to)

Meaning: the term used when two objects are considered equal to each other.

Example: Joe is equivalent to Ron in terms of strength.

Material implication (Read as implies)

Meaning: referring to material that is not apparent but implied by a symbol

Example: It was implied by the committee that Joe had won.

Plus-minus (Read as Plus or Minus)

Meaning: symbol used to determine when a mathematical object is not exactly a positive or negative object.

Example: Four plus or minus two equals six or two.

Strict inequality (Read as is greater than)

Meaning: symbol used when one mathematical object is greater than another

Example: Ten is greater than eight.

Equality (Read as is equal to)

Meaning: symbol used when one mathematical object is equal to the other.

Example: Five is equal to three plus two

Inequation (Read as not equal to)

Meaning: symbol used when one mathematical object is not equal to the other mathematical object.

Example: Three is not equal to five.

Tilde (Read as is similar to)

Meaning: symbol used to refer to two similar mathematical figures or objects.

Example: Triangle ABC is similar to Triangle BC

Theta (Read as Theta)

Meaning: the symbol theta refers to the change in the quantity of a mathematical object.

Example: The theta for this option is twenty-three.

Empty set

Meaning: constitutes a set that has no elements.

Example: Set C is an empty set

Triangle or delta

Meaning: symbol used to determine the variation of a variable or function.

Example: The students were asked to find the delta of temperatures between day and night.

Union (Read as Union of two sets)

Meaning: symbol used to refer to the joining of two sets.

Example: The students were asked to find the union of two sets, set A and set B.

Factorial

Meaning: refers to the product of an integer and all other integers below it.

Example: 24 is the factorial of 4.

Therefore

Meaning: symbol to determine an object that is the result reached by logic.

Example: Therefore the result of the sum explained above is eighty-four.

Square root

Meaning: constitutes when a number is produced when multiplied by itself

Example: 64 is the square root of 8

Perpendicular

Meaning: constitutes two lines or objects crossing each other at a right angle

Example: These lines are perpendicular to each other.

For all

Meaning: this symbol is used to describe the meaning of more than one word in a statement.

Example: The value of x for all is five.

Pi constant (Read as Pi)

Meaning: it is a mathematical symbol assigned the value of 3.14

Example: The students were asked to state the value of pi to two decimal points.

Integral

Meaning: this symbol represents integration in mathematics

Example: The class was taught the binomial theorem for positive integral index.

Intersection (Read as Intersection of two sets)

Meaning: a symbol that represents the conjoining of two sets

Example: The students were asked to find the intersection of Set A and Set B

Line

Meaning: a line constitutes an elongated narrow mark

Example: Line AB has a length of five centimetres.

Line segment

Meaning: line segment constitutes a part of a certain line

Example: Line segment CD has a length of 2 cms.

Ray

Meaning: constitutes a line that passes through a solitary point

Example: The ray of light came into the dining room through the windows.

Right angle

Meaning: constitutes an angle that is at ninety degrees

Example: The right angles triangle consists of one right angle

Angle

Meaning: it constitutes a figure that is constructed by the common point of two rays

Example: Any angle lower than ninety degrees is an acute angle.

Summation (Read as Summation of/Sigma)

Meaning: Summation is the addition of various numbers that are in a sequence

Example: The students failed to find the summation of the series

Braces

Meaning: braces are symbols that are used to specify the elements in a certain set.

Example: Set A : {2,3,4}

Brackets

Meaning: symbols that are used to keep mathematical objects together. They are used in pairs.

Example: 3 + (2-1)

Geometric Lines Meaning

Straight: constitutes a geometric line that is absolutely straight from one point to another.

Diagonal: constitutes a geometric line that goes diagonally through an object or figure

Vertical: It is a straight line that goes from top to bottom and bottom to top.

Parallel lines: constitutes two lines in the same plane that are at equal distance from each other and never meet.

Curved: constitutes a geometric line that is not straight

Horizontal: constitutes a geometric line that is drawn from right to left and left to right.

Dotted: constitutes a geometric line that is made up entirely of dots

Wavy: constitutes a geometric line that has regular curves along its length.

Zigzag: constitutes a geometric line that has a number of sharp turns along both ways of its length.

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